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"PEAT," PEAT, Inc. Of Huntsville, Alabama USA Technical Slide Presentation Patented Technology for the Destruction of Hazardous and Non-hazardous Wastes

A plasma-arc torch fired in its maintenance position at PEAT’s R&D facility in Huntsville, Alabama and the furnace being installed in Virginia

PEAT’s Huntsville facility during R&D testing

Conceptional drawing of the inside of a facility

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Thermal Destruction & Recovery (PEAT’s TDR System) The Model for HI’s PBPV System Powered by a Plasma-Arc Torch Variable High Temperature Gasification of Organic Materials Vitrification of Inorganics Metal Recovery and Recycling

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana HI’s PBPV system  Converts electrical energy to heat energy  A clean energy source  Controlled chemical environment  Controlled temperature

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Plasma process definitions PYROLYSIS - the chemical changes brought about by heat.  At high temperatures, organic compounds dissociate into elements and simple compounds, mainly hydrogen (a gas) and carbon (a solid) GASIFICATION - A synonym for  pyrolysis, but includes the controlled (limited) addition of oxidants to  convert residual carbon (a solid) to carbon monoxide       (a gas)

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Plasma process definitions VITRIFICATION - the melting of inorganic elements and compounds to form a glassy/ceramic material that can absorb metals METAL RECOVERY - the recovery of metal from selected waste streams via a melting/smelting process SYNGAS - A "synthetic" gas composed primarily of hydrogen and carbon monoxide, with an energy content of 300-400 Btu/scf

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Gasification of organic materials Product of plasma gasification is a Syngas,  dominated by hydrogen and carbon monoxide Chlorine reacts with hydrogen to form hydrogen chloride (HCl) which is neutralized in scrubber Cleaned Syngas is available for use as clean fuel  chemical feedstock

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Vitrification of inorganic materials Glass and ceramic compounds are formed by melting and mixing various inorganic materials Glass and ceramic solids are highly resistant to leaching, and can usually be used for construction aggregate

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Metal recovery and recycling When certain metals are present in large quantities they can be recovered in a smelting process and reused Glass layer may be used as a floating cap on the molten metal Some metals are volatile at high temperatures and   require filtration and removal in the gas treatment system

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Air emissions (Compared to incineration) PBPV ADVANTAGE:  (DRE) - destruction of organic material is more complete, due to exposure to constant high temperatures PBPV ADVANTAGE:  (dioxins & furans) - formation of dioxins and furans is less, due to lack of oxygen and rapid cooling of gases, and total reduction of chlorine to HCl PBPV ADVANTAGE:  (chlorinated hydrocarbons) - formation of chlorinated hydrocarbons is less, due to the rapid cooling of gases, and total reduction of chlorine to HCl

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Energy recovery The  energy contained in solid/liquid waste material is converted to the energy found in Syngas Syngas can be used in a variety of ways (options) Generate steam Generate electricity AS  CHEMICAL FEEDSTOCK (methanol production) DOUBLE-EFFECT CHILLING (heating & cooling)

HI Disposal Systems Next Generation - State-of-the-Art Waste Processing Facilities Plasma-Based Pyrolysis/Vitrification Technology (HI’s PBPV SYSTEM)

Independent lab toxicity test results

Hazardous gaseous emissions comparisons

Metal emission comparison - incineration vs. plasma pyrolysis

Dioxin & furan emission comparisons - incineration vs. plasma pyrolysis

Emissions comparison of toxic-air contaminates; landfills vs. plasma pyrolysis

Waste Materials Successfully Tested by PEAT Data compiled by PEAT and Independent Laboratories Waste is, or can be:  ~ = non-hazardous   = hazardous  € = both ~   Municipal Solid Waste ~   Medical (infectious) Waste ~   Coal Ash €   Contaminated Soils €   Industrial Waste €   Suspended Volatile Metals    Thermal Batteries €   Oxidants €   Weapons Components    Small Explosive Components ~   Marijuana and Cocaine €   Solid and Liquid Organics    Lab Packs (Chemical Lab Wastes) €   Lab Packs (Biological Lab Wastes)    Lab Packs (Adhesives and Paints) ~   Municipal Solid Waste Incinerator Ash ~   Surrogate Waste, Potting Materials &          Gold €   Pharmaceuticals    Pyrotechnic Ordnance €   Contaminated Ash    Redwater Surrogate ~   Reactive Metals €   Contaminated Dunnage    High Explosives ~   Remediation Waste ~   Refuse Derived Fuel    Bulk Liquid Organics (Solvents/Paints) ~   Asphalt and Municipal Waste    Weapons Components          (crushed/rubble)    .50 Caliber Small Arms Ammunition    Small Energetic Components   (DOD Weapons) Additional Proposed Applications Chemical Warfare Agents Radioactive Contaminated Waste Mixed Waste

PEAT, inc.             HI Disposal Systems Huntsville, Alabama                                                                            Indianapolis, Indiana Non-Incinerator Designations Certified as a Non-Incinerator for Medical Waste in California Approved as Non-Incinerator for LLMW in Washington State Permitted in Alabama & Virginia as Non-Incinerator for the Testing of Hazardous and Non-Hazardous Waste Permitted as Non-Incinerator in Indiana for Medical Waste and Special Waste Streams